NASA, the National Aeronautics and Space Administration, is an independent agency of the U.S. federal government responsible for the nation's civilian space program and for aeronautics and aerospace research. Established in 1958, NASA was formed to give U.S. space efforts a distinctly civilian orientation, emphasizing peaceful applications in space science. It has led major American space exploration efforts, including the Apollo Moon landing missions, the Skylab space station, and the Space Shuttle program. NASA currently supports the International Space Station, oversees the development of the Orion spacecraft, the Space Launch System, and manages numerous scientific research projects and uncrewed space missions. NASA's focus encompasses understanding Earth, exploring the Solar System, and researching astrophysics topics such as the Big Bang.

NASA

U.S. federal agency for space exploration and aeronautics, aerospace research.

The Saturn IB (pronounced "one B", also known as the Uprated Saturn I) was an American launch vehicle commissioned by the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) for the Apollo program. It replaced the S-IV second stage of the Saturn I with the much more powerful S-IVB, able to launch a partially fueled Apollo Command/Service Module (CSM) or a fully fueled Lunar Module (LM) into low Earth orbit for early flight tests before the larger Saturn V needed for lunar flight was ready.

Saturn IB Launch Schedule